John pierce maloney



No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1..

J. P. MALONBY. COMBINED SMOKE CONSUMER AND SPARK ARRESTER. No. 491,576.Patented Feb. 14, 1893.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. P. MALONEY. COMBINED SMOKE CONSUMER AND SPARK ARRESTER.

(No Model.)

Patented Feb. 14, 1893.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN PIERCE MALONEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO HARRYCAMPBELL BUNN, OF SAME PLACE.

COMBINED SMOKE-CONSUMER AND SPARK-ARRESTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 491,576, dated February14, 1893.

Serial No. 430,5 (llo model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JOHN PIERCE MALONEY, of Chicago, Cook county,Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in CombinedSmoke-Consumers and Spark- Arresters, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Heretofore all attempts to obtain perfect combustion in boiler furnaces,have been directed to confining and holding the uncon sumed and volatilegases of combustion in the fire-chamber above the fire long enough toinsure their consumption, orhave been directed to the adding to them, inthe proximity of the fire, sufficient quantities of oxygen gas in oneform or another to cause their ignition before they have had time toescape into the outer free atmosphere. This is Well enough as far as itgoes, or is capable of going, but it stands to reason there must be alimit so far as the consumption of the unconsumed gases thrown off bythe fire is concerned, which falls short of perfect combustion, becausethe fire itself-the source of heat-must be hotter than either thevaporized waterin the boiler-- which is sometimes injected into thefirechamberor the fresh air sometimes supplied thereto. This being thecase the gases generated in and thrown off by the fire, of which theyoriginally constitute a part, are so hot that they rise quicker andoutstrip the oxygen, no matter how supplied, in the race for the openatmosphere and escape to a greater or less extent in an unconsumedcondition.

The object of my invention is to capture and force the unconsumed gasesof combustion down into and through the fire-bed, and by reversing andartificially creating a continuous circuitous down draft which producesa perfect combustion of the unconsumed carbonic gases thrown off by theburning fuel, and prevent the possibility of such a thing as sparksarising and being ejected as a constant menace to the surroundingcountry; substantially as hereinafter fully described, and asillustrated in the drawings, in which: Figure 1, is a side elevation ofalocomotive boiler and fire box having my improvements applied thereto.Fig. 2, is alongitudinal ver tical central section through the same.Fig.

3, is a transverse vertical section through the same, taken on dottedline 3, 3, Fig. 1, and, Fig. 4, is a front elevation thereof with thehead of the smoke box removed.

The drawings show a locomotive boiler A, which is traversedlongitudinally bynumerous flues a and b, that lead from the fire box Blocated at the rear of the boiler, and constructed with referencethereto in the usual manner. The fines a, which constituteall the fineslocated below the uppermost segment of the boiler, about as shown, areopen at their forward ends to the smoke box D, whereas the fines b whichcome within the limits of said segment are open at their forward endsto, and discharge into the chamber C, which is separated entirely fromthe smoke box D by a suitable metallic partition, and from which thesmoke-stack c arises.

As is customary the grates d in the fire box B are located some distancebelow the plane of the bottom of the boiler. In the front wall of theash-pit E just below these grates, is the rear opening of thesmoke-passage F, which leads to and discharges into the smoke box D, atthe base of the forward head of the boiler proper. This passage F is,preferably, made gradually narrower from its rear opening in the ash-pitto its forward end,so as to accommodate the possible contraction of theheated products of combustion passing therethrough (as will hereinafterbe more fully explained), and so as to compress the same said gases asthey are discharged into the fire box.

Located, preferably, centrally below the boiler and passage F is asuitable blast fan G, which may be operated in any suitable manner, andby any desired means, whether de- 0 rived from the locomotive or not.This fan blows into a short chamber g, leading directly therefrom, andfrom this chamber the blast is distributed, partly throughthe pipe hlead ing forward to under the smoke box, then bent 5 upward so as toenter said box, and then backward so as to discharge toward andrearwardly into the flues,a at a point over the discharge opening ofpassage F. The remainder of the air current generated by said fan passesinto too and through the twin pipes I, I, which are bent so as to avoidthe surrounding structure and lead from said chamber 9 to the dome ofthe fire box into which they enter at points opposite each other, asshown in Fig. 3, having their mouths bent downward and terminating atsuch a point that the air currents issuing therefrom will meet at apoint intersectedby an imaginary line drawn through the center of theboiler, or below the same, and then be projected down into the fire bed.The volume of air currents created by the fan is, preferably, four timesas great as could be accommodated by any one of said pipes h or I, I. Inview of this fact, therefore, the pressure of the current of air andgases traveling back through flues a, and down from the'pipes I, is suchas to create a down draft through the grates, thus artificiallyreversing the draft. The products of combustion naturally seeking thehighest outlet in the ash-pit,ent-er the passage F, and being assistedby the injection of air from pipe h, which draws the products ofcombustion issuing from passage F, after it, back into the fire box.Here, the heavier unconsumed carb'oniferous gases, being the heavierdrop to such a plane that they are caught by the current issuing fromthe pipes I and forced down through the fire again where coming incontact with the greatest heat they are consumed. This circuit of theunconsumed gases of combustion is kept up until they are entirelyconsumed, hen the gases of combustion are thoroughly consumed, they havebecome both heated to the greatest extent and consequently rarefied byreason of their expansion under such condition; when, therefore, theyenter the fire box they rise to and occupy the space in the fire boxabove the plane of the mouths of the pipes I and, thus, being beyond thereach of the air currents issuing therefrom pass out of the flues b, andthe smoke stack into open atmosphere.

It will, of course be borne in mind, that, my invention as described andillustrated will, when put in practical use, be subject to manymodifications of detail, especially as regards dimensions andarrangements, not necessary to enumerate here. The principle of myimprovements, however, contemplate a circuitous draft, which, passingdown through the grates, then to the front of the boiler and then backthrough the flues thereof into the fire box, and then again through thesame course until both the fuel and gases generated thereby, arethoroughly consumed.

It is possible, (although,I prefer it as it has been described) todispense with pipe h altogether, or to substitute therefor or to combinetherewith the steam exhaust. It is also possible to adopt separate blastcreating mechanism for pipes I, and pipe h, as also to substitute forthe former suitable steam jets.

WVhat I claim as new is: 1. The combination with a boiler furnace havingan inclosed passage way leading from the ash-pit below the plane of thegrate to the smoke arch, and provided with fines through the boiler,some of which connect only the smoke arch and furnace proper, and othersof which connect the furnace with the smoke stack or chimney; ofsuitable devices for directing an artificially created down draft in thefire chamber, which causes the products of combustion to issue below thegrate; from thence to the smoke arch and then back again to the furnaceand into the fire.

2. The combination with aboiler furnace having a passage way leadingfrom the ashpit below the grate to the smoke arch, and having fines someof which connect only the smoke arch and furnace proper and others ofwhich lead from said furnace to the smoke stack or chimney, of suitabledevices for directing'a down draft in the fire chamber which causes theproducts of combustion to issue be low the grates and into and throughsaid pas sage way to the smoke arch, and a rearwardly directed draft infront of the said boiler causing the return of the products ofcombustion to the furnace proper, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with a fire-chamber B, boiler A,having a smoke boxDand provided with a lower series of longitudinally disposed fines 0;connecting the smoke box and firechamber, and an upper series of finesconnecting said fire-chamber and the smoke stack, and a passage Fconnecting the ash pit, and smoke arch, of the pipes I for injectinginto and creating a down draft in said fire-chamber, as set forth.

4. The combination with a fire-chamber B, boiler A provided with a lowerseries of lines connecting the smoke box and fire-chamber, and an upperseries connecting the fire-chainber and smoke stack, said smoke box, anda passage connecting the ash pit and smoke box, of pipes I for creatinga down draftin the firechamber, and pipe h for creating a rearwardlymoving current through the lower series of fines in the boiler, as setforth.

5. The combination with a fire-chamber B boiler A provided with a lowerseries of fines a connecting the smoke box and fire-chamber, and anupper series of fines connecting said fire-chamber and the smoke stack,said smoke box and smoke stack, the ash pit, and a passage F connectingthe ash pit and smoke box, of a blast fan Gr, pipes I, I, leadingtherefrom downward into the fire-chamber, and pipe h leading therefromto the smoke box where it is bent so as to createarearward blast throughthe lower flue of the boiler, as set forth.

JOHN PIERCE MALONEY.

Witnesses:

HARRY O. BUNN, FRANK D. THOMASON.

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